Lesson 4 : THE CPU AND MEMORY

Topics

Question . Can we draw the general structure of the bus and its connected components 1

Relation of Hardware and Memory. 1

CPU and Memory. 3

Question . Can we draw the general structure of the bus and its connected components .

Yes, A bus is in general connected to main three section of a computer , that is I/O , CPU and Memory. They may by represented by a diagram as follow.

Relation of Hardware and Memory

The core of any system is Hardware.

For performing functions , hardware needs to be supported by memory .

The memory allows hardware to fetch data , stores intermediate results, process data, and read or write data .

A general mode of hardware and software can be drawn like this

Cache :

A Cache is a fast memory. It stores the data , which is t be used again and again by CPU, so CPU do not have to look for it in whole memory system. It works between ram and CPUR

RAM .

Random Access Memory is also a type of memory . It can be divided in to two parts.

1. Static Ram

2. Dynamic Ram

Dynamic Ram is more fast as compared to static RAM.

Magnetic Memory

Magnetic memory ranges from Floppy drive to Hard disks, which can save data upto tera bytes

Memory and Its Trends 

A general relation in some key indicators can be made regarding memory . In general a component is accessed on the base of

• · Size/Capacity
• · Speed
• · Price

CPU and Memory

We have already discussed that memory in general stores the data , that is to be processed at some time by processor.

Hence when a CPU requires something , it asks memory to respond

The Fetch Execute Cycle

If we look at the details closely , we can sum up discussion as

1. CPU wants to execute the program.

2. The program consist of instruction,

3. The instruction ask memory to fetch data to processor to be processed

4. The Op coded is decoded by a decoder

5. The Processor executes the instruction (Execute Cycle)