Analysis of Series Circuit..

Here we will try to analyze the basic characteristics of Series circuit and will try to prove them wit help of examples.

Current Remain Same in series Circuit

Current in a wire can have a single value, it is not possible for a wire to have two or three current values at the same time.

We already know that charges (electrons) can neither be created or destroyed. It means the amount of negative charges (electron) entering at one point of wire, will exit from other end with same amount , as they cannot be destroyed on the way

Example 1

Find the Values of Current at point A , B , C D

Current will remain same if the position of components is interchanged in a series circuit.

If the position of resistors are changed with each other , it will not effect the total Current .

Example 2.

i. Case 1 : Calculate the total current , for the below Circuit

ii. Case 2 : Lets say if the position of R2 is changed with R 4 , than calculate the new current .

Circuit For Case 1

Circuit For Case 2

Solving For Case 1

Solving For case 2

In both cases the current remained same. Hence changing order of components do not effect current .

Adding a Resistor reduces a current in resistor , and removing a resistor increases current/

Let suppose we have a circuit with four resistors. To understand that the effect of adding and increasing resistors, we will remove and add one resistors one by one and will see the effect on current.

Conclusion

Circuit A = 0.066 Ampere

Removing resistor = 0.075 Ampere (Current Increased )

Adding resistor = 0.004 Ampere (Current Decreased)

Example 3

A sensor needs 0.003 Ampere limited current from in order to be activated. The resistance offered by sensor is 500 Ω, which is connected to 5 V battery. How much resistance should be inserted in the circuit to limit the current to 0.003 Ampere.

Let R1 be the required series resistance and Rs the Sensor resistance .

Voltage varies in series circuit with respect to Resistors

Although current remain same in series circuit , but voltage varies. Voltage can easily be calculates using ohms law

Example 4.

Calculate V1 V2 V3 and V23